Lesson Plan: Numbers – Types of Numbers

Section	Details
Objective	Identify and use natural numbers and integers (positive, zero, and negative).
Activities	– Starter (5 mins): Write numbers (e.g., –3, 0, 5, 27, 100) → students classify as natural/integers.– Main (25 mins): Explain natural numbers & integers; number line activity.– Plenary (10 mins): Quick quiz – teacher says number, students show “N” or “I”.
Resources	Number line chart, flashcards, whiteboard, O Level Mathematics examples.
Time	40 minutes: 5 mins (Starter) + 25 mins (Main) + 10 mins (Plenary).
Homework	List 10 integers and identify which are natural numbers.
Assessment	Worksheet: Fill in missing integers on a number line; classify numbers.
Past Paper Practice	“Convert between numbers and words, e.g., 10 007 = ten thousand and seven.”

Section	Details
Objective	Identify prime, square, and cube numbers; express numbers as products of prime factors.
Activities	– Starter (5 mins): Show 12, 25, 27, 29, 64 → classify as prime/square/cube.– Main (30 mins): Explain primes, squares, cubes; factor tree for prime factorization; HCF & LCM examples.– Plenary (5 mins): “Prime Factor Bingo”.
Resources	Factor tree worksheets, multiplication tables chart, slides.
Time	40 minutes: 5 mins (Starter) + 30 mins (Main) + 5 mins (Plenary).
Homework	Write first 15 primes, first 15 squares, and first 10 cubes.
Assessment	Class exercise: prime factorization of 72; identify cube numbers.
Past Paper Practice	“Express 72 as a product of its prime factors.”

Section	Details
Objective	Find common factors/multiples of numbers; understand and use reciprocals.
Activities	– Starter (5 mins): Quick multiple warm-up (6 & 8).– Main (25 mins): Demonstrate HCF & LCM; introduce reciprocals with examples.– Plenary (10 mins): Quick-fire reciprocal/multiple quiz.
Resources	Worksheets, mini whiteboards, O Level Mathematics examples.
Time	40 minutes: 5 mins (Starter) + 25 mins (Main) + 10 mins (Plenary).
Homework	Find HCF & LCM of: (i) 18 & 30, (ii) 12 & 20. Write reciprocals of 2, 5, 0.25, ⅔.
Assessment	Worksheet: HCF/LCM problems & reciprocals.
Past Paper Practice	“Find the highest common factor (HCF) of two numbers.”

Section	Details
Objective	Understand and distinguish between rational and irrational numbers.
Activities	– Starter (5 mins): Ask: “Is √4 rational? Is √2 rational?”– Main (30 mins): Define rational (fractions, terminating/recurring decimals) vs. irrational (non-terminating, non-recurring); students classify list of numbers.– Plenary (5 mins): Group discussion: Why is 0.333… rational? Why is √3 irrational?
Resources	Decimal chart, calculator, slides with examples.
Time	40 minutes: 5 mins (Starter) + 30 mins (Main) + 5 mins (Plenary).
Homework	Research and list 5 rational and 5 irrational numbers.
Assessment	Worksheet: Classify numbers as rational/irrational.
Past Paper Practice	“Identify rational and irrational numbers from a given list.”