Topic: Biotechnology
Lesson 1: Anaerobic Respiration in Yeast
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | – Explain the role of anaerobic respiration in yeast during ethanol production and bread-making. |
| Activities | Starter (5 mins): Show examples of bread and biofuels. Ask: “What do these have in common?” Main (25 mins): 1. Introduce anaerobic respiration in yeast. 2. Explain ethanol production for biofuels: glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide. 3. Bread-making: Explain the role of carbon dioxide in dough rising and ethanol’s evaporation during baking. Plenary (10 mins): Conduct a quick quiz or ask students to draw the anaerobic respiration process in yeast. |
| Resources | Diagram of anaerobic respiration, biofuel/bread samples, quick quiz templates. |
| Time | 40 minutes |
| Homework | Research an example of biofuel production and write a short explanation of its environmental benefits. |
| Assessment | Class discussion and quiz results. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Biology 0610/22/O/N/16 Q4(a). |
Lesson 2: Enzymes in Biotechnology
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | – Describe the use of pectinase in fruit juice production and enzymes in biological washing powders. |
| Activities | Starter (5 mins): Show pictures of fruit juice and washing powder. Ask: “How are enzymes involved in their production?” Main (25 mins): 1. Explain pectinase use in breaking down pectin for clearer fruit juice. 2. Demonstrate or describe a pectinase experiment. 3. Introduce enzymes in washing powders, highlighting their role in breaking down stains (e.g., protein, fat). Plenary (10 mins): Group discussion: Why are enzymes ideal for industrial use? |
| Resources | Experiment instructions, enzyme diagrams, infographics on enzyme applications. |
| Time | 40 minutes |
| Homework | Investigate and list three other uses of enzymes in industries besides those discussed in class. |
| Assessment | Group discussions and homework submissions. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Biology 0610/32/O/N/17 Q3(b). |
Lesson 3: Fermenters in Large-Scale Production
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | – Describe and explain how fermenters are used in large-scale production and the conditions controlled. |
| Activities | Starter (5 mins): Show a diagram of a fermenter and ask: “What processes could occur inside this vessel?” Main (25 mins): 1. Explain fermenter uses: insulin, penicillin, mycoprotein. 2. Discuss conditions to control: temperature, pH, oxygen, nutrient supply, waste removal. 3. Relate each condition to product yield. Plenary (10 mins): Students annotate a fermenter diagram with conditions and their purposes. |
| Resources | Fermenter diagrams, product case studies (e.g., penicillin production). |
| Time | 40 minutes |
| Homework | Create a labeled diagram of a fermenter and describe how one condition impacts the process. |
| Assessment | Annotated diagrams and class participation. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Biology 0610/42/M/J/19 Q2(c). |
Key Notes for Teachers:
- Practical Examples: If possible, demonstrate enzyme activity (e.g., pectinase in fruit juice or washing powder enzymes).
- Engagement: Use real-life industrial examples to show the relevance of the topic.
- Differentiation: Provide additional resources for advanced learners on the specifics of fermenter optimization.
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