IGCSE / O LEVELS BIOLOGY LESSON PLANS – 2025

1 Characteristics and classification of living organisms
1.1 Characteristics of living organisms
1.2 Concept and uses of classification systems
1.3 Features of organisms

2 Organisation of the organism
2.1 Cell structure
2.2 Size of specimens

3 Movement into and out of cells
3.1 Diffusion
3.2 Osmosis
3.3 Active transport

4 Biological molecules
4.1 Biological molecules

5 Enzymes
5.1 Enzymes

6 Plant nutrition
6.1 Photosynthesis
6.2 Leaf structure

7 Human nutrition
7.1 Diet
7.2 Digestive system
7.3 Physical digestion
7.4 Chemical digestion
7.5 Absorption

8 Transport in plants
8.1 Xylem and phloem
8.2 Water uptake
8.3 Transpiration
8.4 Translocation

9 Transport in animals
9.1 Circulatory systems
9.2 Heart
9.3 Blood vessels
9.4 Blood

10 Diseases and immunity
10.1 Diseases and immunity

11 Gas exchange in humans
11.1 Gas exchange in humans

12 Respiration
12.1 Respiration
12.2 Aerobic respiration
12.3 Anaerobic respiration

13 Excretion in humans
13.1 Excretion in humans

14 Coordination and response
14.1 Coordination and response
14.2 Sense organs
14.3 Hormones
14.4 Homeostasis
14.5 Tropic responses

15 Drugs
15.1 Drugs

16 Reproduction
16.1 Asexual reproduction
16.2 Sexual reproduction
16.3 Sexual reproduction in plants
16.4 Sexual reproduction in humans
16.5 Sexual hormones in humans
16.6 Sexually transmitted infections

17 Inheritance
17.1 Chromosomes, genes, and proteins
17.2 Mitosis
17.3 Meiosis
17.4 Monohybrid inheritance

18 Variation and selection
18.1 Variation
18.2 Adaptive features
18.3 Selection

19 Organisms and their environment
19.1 Energy flow
19.2 Food chains and food webs
19.3 Nutrient cycles
19.4 Populations

20 Human influences on ecosystems
20.1 Food supply
20.2 Habitat destruction
20.3 Pollution
20.4 Conservation

21 Biotechnology and genetic modification
21.1 Biotechnology and genetic modification
21.2 Biotechnology
21.3 Genetic modification