– Define momentum as mass × velocity and understand its equation p=mvp = mv.
Activities
– Starter (5 mins): Show a video or example of a moving object (e.g., a ball hitting pins) to introduce the concept of momentum.- Main (25 mins): 1. Define momentum and explain its relationship with mass and velocity. 2. Work through examples of calculating momentum in simple cases. 3. Compare momentum in objects with different masses and velocities.- Plenary (10 mins): Discuss examples of momentum in everyday life (e.g., collisions, sports).
Resources
Whiteboard, markers, worksheets with momentum calculation problems.
Time
40 minutes
Homework
Solve momentum calculation problems for various objects.
Assessment
Students calculate the momentum of objects in given scenarios.
Past Paper Practice
IGCSE Physics 0625/21/O/N/20 Q2(a).
Lesson 2: Impulse and Conservation of Momentum
Section
Details
Objective
– Define impulse as force × time and apply the conservation of momentum to solve problems.
Activities
– Starter (5 mins): Drop a ball on the ground and discuss the change in momentum during the impact.- Main (25 mins): 1. Define impulse and explain its equation impulse=FΔt=Δ(mv)\text{impulse} = F\Delta t = \Delta(mv). 2. Discuss and solve examples of impulse in real-life scenarios (e.g., catching a ball, airbags). 3. Introduce the principle of the conservation of momentum and solve one-dimensional problems.- Plenary (10 mins): Summarize the importance of impulse in safety systems (e.g., seat belts, crumple zones).
Resources
Ball, worksheets, graphs showing impulse and force over time.
Time
40 minutes
Homework
Research and write a short explanation of how airbags use impulse to improve car safety.
Assessment
Solve numerical problems involving impulse and conservation of momentum.
Past Paper Practice
IGCSE Physics 0625/21/M/J/18 Q3(b).
Lesson 3: Resultant Force and Momentum Change
Section
Details
Objective
– Define resultant force as the change in momentum per unit time and apply F=ΔpΔtF = \frac{\Delta p}{\Delta t}.
Activities
– Starter (5 mins): Discuss how applying a force changes the momentum of an object (e.g., a soccer ball being kicked).- Main (25 mins): 1. Define resultant force and its relationship with momentum change. 2. Solve numerical problems involving F=ΔpΔtF = \frac{\Delta p}{\Delta t}. 3. Analyze real-world scenarios where forces cause momentum changes (e.g., rocket launches, collisions).- Plenary (10 mins): Recap key formulas and their applications in various situations.
Resources
Examples of force diagrams, ball, spring balance.
Time
40 minutes
Homework
Solve problems involving F=ΔpΔtF = \frac{\Delta p}{\Delta t} and explain the role of resultant force in given examples.
Assessment
Students calculate force and momentum changes for given time intervals in scenarios.
Past Paper Practice
IGCSE Physics 0625/12/M/J/19 Q4(c).
Key Notes for Students:
Momentum Basics:
p=mvp = mv: Momentum depends on both mass and velocity.
Heavier or faster objects have more momentum.
Impulse:
Impulse is the product of force and the time it acts, causing a change in momentum.
Conservation of Momentum:
Total momentum before a collision = Total momentum after a collision (in a closed system).
Resultant Force:
F=ΔpΔtF = \frac{\Delta p}{\Delta t}: A force causes a change in momentum over time.
Key Notes for Teachers:
Demonstrations:
Use physical examples like rolling balls or collisions to visually demonstrate momentum and impulse.
Problem Solving:
Provide students with step-by-step examples of applying formulas in numerical problems.
Relate to Real-Life Scenarios:
Discuss how these concepts are applied in sports, car safety, and rocket propulsion.
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