Topic: Hormones
Lesson 1: Introduction to Hormones
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | – Define hormones as chemical substances produced by glands, carried by the blood to alter activity in specific target organs. |
| Activities | Starter (5 mins): Ask students how their bodies respond to stress (e.g., sweating, rapid heartbeat).Main (25 mins): 1. Define hormones and explain their role in the body.2. Introduce the concept of endocrine glands and discuss examples (adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, ovaries).Plenary (10 mins): Students summarize how hormones differ from other chemical signals in the body. |
| Resources | Diagram of the endocrine system, whiteboard for notes. |
| Time | 40 minutes |
| Homework | Research and list three examples of hormones not covered in class and their functions. |
| Assessment | Students explain the role of hormones during the plenary. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Biology 0610/12/M/J/19 Q5(a). |
Lesson 2: Endocrine Glands and Hormones
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | – Identify specific endocrine glands and the hormones they secrete. |
| Activities | Starter (5 mins): Display an unlabeled diagram of the human endocrine system and ask students to identify any glands they know.Main (25 mins): 1. Discuss the adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, and ovaries.2. Explain the hormones they secrete (adrenaline, insulin, testosterone, oestrogen) and their target organs.Plenary (10 mins): Quick quiz: Match glands to their hormones. |
| Resources | Diagrams of the endocrine system, labeled and unlabeled versions. |
| Time | 40 minutes |
| Homework | Draw a labeled diagram of the endocrine system and annotate the functions of each gland. |
| Assessment | Students correctly match glands to hormones during the plenary. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Biology 0610/22/M/J/20 Q4(b). |
Lesson 3: Adrenaline and the ‘Fight or Flight’ Response
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | – Describe the role of adrenaline in ‘fight or flight’ situations. |
| Activities | Starter (5 mins): Discuss scenarios where the body reacts to stress (e.g., running from danger).Main (25 mins): 1. Explain the effects of adrenaline, including increased heart rate, breathing rate, and pupil dilation.2. Relate these changes to preparing the body for action.Plenary (10 mins): Students summarize the effects of adrenaline on target organs. |
| Resources | Animations or videos showing the effects of adrenaline, whiteboard. |
| Time | 40 minutes |
| Homework | Write a paragraph explaining how adrenaline helps the body respond to danger. |
| Assessment | Students explain the effects of adrenaline during the plenary. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Biology 0610/32/O/N/18 Q3(b). |
Lesson 4: Nervous vs Hormonal Control
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | – Compare nervous and hormonal control in terms of speed of action and duration of effect. |
| Activities | Starter (5 mins): Ask students to compare how quickly they react to touching something hot versus the time it takes for hunger to subside.Main (25 mins): 1. Discuss the differences between nervous and hormonal control (e.g., speed, duration).2. Use examples like reflex actions (nervous) and adrenaline secretion (hormonal).Plenary (10 mins): Students create a table comparing the two systems. |
| Resources | Comparison charts, whiteboard for notes. |
| Time | 40 minutes |
| Homework | Write an example of how the nervous and hormonal systems work together (e.g., stress response). |
| Assessment | Students correctly identify differences between the two systems during the plenary. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Biology 0610/41/M/J/19 Q2(c). |
Lesson 5: Advanced Roles of Hormones (Supplement)
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | – Understand the advanced roles of hormones such as glucagon and the metabolic effects of adrenaline. |
| Activities | Starter (5 mins): Ask students what happens to blood sugar levels after a meal and during fasting.Main (25 mins): 1. Explain the role of glucagon in increasing blood glucose levels.2. Discuss how adrenaline increases glucose concentration and heart rate.Plenary (10 mins): Students explain how the body maintains blood glucose levels during fasting and stress. |
| Resources | Diagrams of blood sugar regulation, animations of hormone effects. |
| Time | 40 minutes |
| Homework | Research how insulin and glucagon work together to maintain blood sugar levels. |
| Assessment | Students explain the roles of glucagon and adrenaline during the plenary. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Biology 0610/42/O/N/20 Q5(a). |
Key Notes for Teachers:
- Use visual aids like diagrams and animations to explain complex hormone functions.
- Provide real-life examples to relate hormonal control to everyday situations.
- Emphasize the complementary roles of the nervous and hormonal systems.
Key Notes for Students:
- Hormones are chemical messengers that regulate body functions.
- Adrenaline prepares the body for quick action in stressful situations.
- Nervous control is faster but short-lived, while hormonal control is slower but longer-lasting.
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