O Levels/IGCSE Chemistry Lesson Plan 6.1

Section	Details
Objective	Identify physical and chemical changes and describe the differences between them.
Activities	– Starter (5 mins): Show simple examples (e.g., melting ice and burning paper). Ask: “What differences do you notice in these changes?” – Main (25 mins): 1. Define physical changes as changes in state or appearance without altering the chemical composition (e.g., melting, boiling, dissolving). 2. Define chemical changes as changes that produce new substances with different properties (e.g., burning, rusting). 3. Discuss indicators of chemical changes (e.g., color change, gas production, temperature change, precipitate formation). 4. Conduct simple experiments (e.g., dissolving salt in water vs. burning a candle) to demonstrate the differences. – Plenary (10 mins): Students complete a table classifying examples as physical or chemical changes with reasons.
Resources	Ice cubes, salt, water, a candle, worksheets with examples, and diagrams of changes.
Time	40 minutes total: 5 mins (Starter) + 25 mins (Main) + 10 mins (Plenary).
Homework	List 5 physical changes and 5 chemical changes observed in daily life, explaining each.
Assessment	Worksheet: Classify given scenarios as physical or chemical changes, providing justification.
Past Paper Practice	IGCSE Chemistry 0620/41/M/J/20 Q2(a) – Identifying physical and chemical changes.

Physical Changes:
- No new substances are formed.
- Changes are reversible.
- Examples: Melting, boiling, dissolving, and freezing.
Chemical Changes:
- New substances with different properties are formed.
- Changes are often irreversible.
- Examples: Combustion, rusting, decomposition reactions.

Use engaging demonstrations to make the differences clear and memorable.
Highlight real-life examples of both changes to show their relevance.
Encourage students to think critically about the evidence of chemical changes (e.g., energy changes, gas evolution).