Topic: Organic Chemistry – Naming Organic Compounds
Lesson 1: Naming and Drawing Alkanes and Alkenes
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | – Name and draw the structural and displayed formulae of unbranched alkanes and alkenes (up to four carbons).- Differentiate between but-1-ene and but-2-ene. |
| Activities | – Starter (5 mins): Show images of propane and butene and ask: “How are these molecules named?”- Main (25 mins): 1. Recap the naming rules for alkanes (suffix -ane) and alkenes (suffix -ene). 2. Practice naming and drawing alkanes (methane, ethane, propane, butane). 3. Introduce naming of alkenes and emphasize positional isomerism in but-1-ene and but-2-ene. 4. Students practice drawing structural and displayed formulae of given names.- Plenary (10 mins): Students complete a worksheet to name or draw given alkanes and alkenes. |
| Resources | Molecular models, worksheets, periodic table. |
| Time | 40 minutes total: 5 mins (Starter) + 25 mins (Main) + 10 mins (Plenary). |
| Homework | Draw and name all the unbranched alkenes containing three or four carbon atoms. |
| Assessment | Worksheet: Name and draw the structural and displayed formulae of given alkanes and alkenes. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Chemistry 0620/41/M/J/19 Q6(a) – Naming alkanes and alkenes. |
Lesson 2: Alcohols and Carboxylic Acids
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | – Name and draw the structural and displayed formulae of unbranched alcohols and carboxylic acids.- Identify positional isomers in alcohols. |
| Activities | – Starter (5 mins): Show ethanol and ethanoic acid and ask: “How are these names derived?”- Main (25 mins): 1. Introduce alcohols (-ol) and carboxylic acids (-oic acid) with examples. 2. Name and draw alcohols: methanol, ethanol, propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol, butan-1-ol, butan-2-ol. 3. Name and draw carboxylic acids: methanoic acid, ethanoic acid, propanoic acid, butanoic acid. 4. Discuss positional isomerism in alcohols (e.g., propan-1-ol vs. propan-2-ol).- Plenary (10 mins): Students complete a worksheet matching names to structures and vice versa for alcohols and carboxylic acids. |
| Resources | Molecular models, worksheets, periodic table. |
| Time | 40 minutes total: 5 mins (Starter) + 25 mins (Main) + 10 mins (Plenary). |
| Homework | Draw and label structural and displayed formulae for all carboxylic acids containing three or four carbon atoms. |
| Assessment | Worksheet: Identify alcohols and carboxylic acids by name or structure. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Chemistry 0620/41/O/N/20 Q6(c) – Naming alcohols and carboxylic acids. |
Lesson 3: Esters and Functional Group Identification
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | – Name and draw the displayed formulae of unbranched esters.- Identify types of compounds from their names or formulae. |
| Activities | – Starter (5 mins): Show a bottle of ester (e.g., an artificial fragrance) and ask: “What type of compound gives this smell?”- Main (25 mins): 1. Explain esters are formed by reacting alcohols with carboxylic acids (condensation reaction). 2. Discuss naming esters: Alcohol name + Acid name, e.g., ethyl ethanoate (ethanol + ethanoic acid). 3. Practice drawing esters with up to four carbons, e.g., methyl methanoate, ethyl propanoate. 4. Explain how to identify compound types based on name endings: -ane, -ene, -ol, -oic acid.- Plenary (10 mins): Students classify compounds by their names or formulae and practice naming esters. |
| Resources | Molecular models, ester samples, worksheets. |
| Time | 40 minutes total: 5 mins (Starter) + 25 mins (Main) + 10 mins (Plenary). |
| Homework | Draw the structural and displayed formulae for the ester formed from ethanol and butanoic acid. |
| Assessment | Worksheet: Identify, name, and draw the displayed formulae of esters and other organic compounds. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Chemistry 0620/41/M/J/20 Q6(d) – Naming and identifying esters. |
Key Notes for Students:
- Naming Rules:
- Alkanes: Suffix -ane (e.g., methane, ethane).
- Alkenes: Suffix -ene, positional isomers possible (e.g., but-1-ene, but-2-ene).
- Alcohols: Suffix -ol, with positional isomers (e.g., propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol).
- Carboxylic Acids: Suffix -oic acid (e.g., ethanoic acid).
- Esters:
- Named as Alcohol + Acid (e.g., methyl ethanoate = methanol + ethanoic acid).
- Formula example: CH3COOCH3\text{CH}_3\text{COOCH}_3 (methyl ethanoate).
- Functional Group Identification:
- -ane: Alkanes (C-C single bonds).
- -ene: Alkenes (C=C double bonds).
- -ol: Alcohols (OH group).
- -oic acid: Carboxylic acids (COOH group).
Notes for Teachers:
- Use molecular models for hands-on activities to visualize structures and bonding.
- Relate esters to real-life examples like perfumes and flavors to engage students.
- Provide opportunities to practice naming and drawing compounds systematically.
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