Topic: Ion and Ionic Bonds
Lesson 1: Formation of Ions
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | Describe the formation of positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions). |
| Activities | – Starter (5 mins): Discuss why atoms gain or lose electrons (stability of noble gases). – Main (25 mins): 1. Define cations as positive ions formed by losing electrons. 2. Define anions as negative ions formed by gaining electrons. 3. Use examples (e.g., Na⁺ and Cl⁻) to illustrate ion formation. 4. Demonstrate ion formation with animations or dot-and-cross diagrams. – Plenary (10 mins): Students practice writing electron configurations for ions of elements (e.g., Mg²⁺, O²⁻). |
| Resources | Dot-and-cross diagram templates, animations/videos, periodic table. |
| Time | 40 minutes total: 5 mins (Starter) + 25 mins (Main) + 10 mins (Plenary). |
| Homework | Write the electron configurations and charges for the ions of Na, Mg, Cl, and O. |
| Assessment | Worksheet: Match elements to their cations or anions and explain electron loss or gain. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Chemistry 0620/41/O/N/21 Q2(a) – Formation of cations and anions. |
Lesson 2: Ionic Compounds and Lattice Structure
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | Describe the giant lattice structure of ionic compounds as a regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions. |
| Activities | – Starter (5 mins): Show a salt crystal and discuss its properties (e.g., hardness, high melting point). – Main (25 mins): 1. Explain the structure of a giant ionic lattice (e.g., NaCl). 2. Use models or diagrams to illustrate the regular arrangement of ions. 3. Discuss how the structure contributes to the stability of ionic compounds. – Plenary (10 mins): Group activity: Label a diagram of an ionic lattice and explain the alternating arrangement of ions. |
| Resources | Salt crystals, 3D ionic lattice models, diagrams of NaCl structure. |
| Time | 40 minutes total: 5 mins (Starter) + 25 mins (Main) + 10 mins (Plenary). |
| Homework | Draw and label the ionic lattice structure of NaCl. |
| Assessment | Quiz: Describe the arrangement of ions in an ionic lattice and its significance. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Chemistry 0620/41/M/J/19 Q2(b) – Explaining ionic lattice structures. |
Lesson 3: Ionic Bonds
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | State that an ionic bond is a strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. |
| Activities | – Starter (5 mins): Recap the formation of ions (Lesson 1). – Main (25 mins): 1. Define ionic bonds as electrostatic attractions. 2. Use examples (e.g., Na⁺ + Cl⁻ → NaCl) to show bond formation. 3. Explain how ionic bonds are formed between metals and non-metals. – Plenary (10 mins): Students create dot-and-cross diagrams for ionic bonds in NaCl and MgO. |
| Resources | Dot-and-cross templates, animations, worksheets with examples. |
| Time | 40 minutes total: 5 mins (Starter) + 25 mins (Main) + 10 mins (Plenary). |
| Homework | Draw dot-and-cross diagrams for ionic bonds in KCl and CaCl₂. |
| Assessment | Worksheet: Identify ionic bonds in given compounds and explain their formation. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Chemistry 0620/41/M/J/20 Q3(a) – Formation of ionic bonds with dot-and-cross diagrams. |
Lesson 4: Properties of Ionic Compounds
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | Describe and explain in terms of structure and bonding the properties of ionic compounds: (a) high melting/boiling points, (b) electrical conductivity when aqueous/molten, poor conductivity when solid. |
| Activities | – Starter (5 mins): Discuss why ionic compounds like NaCl melt at high temperatures. – Main (25 mins): 1. Explain high melting/boiling points due to strong ionic bonds. 2. Demonstrate conductivity of ionic compounds in solid, molten, and aqueous states using a conductivity meter. 3. Relate conductivity to the presence of mobile ions. – Plenary (10 mins): Students summarize the properties of ionic compounds in a table. |
| Resources | Conductivity meter, ionic compounds (e.g., NaCl solution, solid salt), diagrams. |
| Time | 40 minutes total: 5 mins (Starter) + 25 mins (Main) + 10 mins (Plenary). |
| Homework | Write explanations for why ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten but not when solid. |
| Assessment | Worksheet: Compare the properties of ionic and covalent compounds. |
| Past Paper Practice | IGCSE Chemistry 0620/41/O/N/20 Q2(c) – Properties of ionic compounds. |
Notes for Teachers:
- Use visual aids (models, diagrams, animations) to explain the structure and bonding in ionic compounds.
- Ensure demonstrations (e.g., conductivity tests) are performed safely.
- Encourage students to draw and label diagrams for better understanding of dot-and-cross representations.
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